Ecology Unit Review 35

Chapter 35 Review Sheet
Defintions:
Identify the key terms from chapter 34 (these may or may not be in bold) . Organize terms by section. During the rest of this review sheet attempt to use these terms to answer the questions. DO NOT just write the terms and define them

Questions
1.How does Solar radiation drive climate differences in the biosphere.
2.How do global air circulation patterns and physical features produce the various patterns of temperature and rainfall about the globe. .
3 What are the major terrestrial biomes
5. How do ocean currents also contribute to the climate and the weather over the continents.
6. What are the Earth’s major aquatic environments

Drawings
A map of the world identifying the terrestrial biomes, the abiotic factors that are most influential and examples of organisms that live there
A profile of the marine biomes the abiotic factors that are most influential and examples of organisms that live there
An example of a freshwater biome. the abiotic factors that are most influential and examples of organisms that live there

Practice multiple choice
1. The earth is actually slightly farther from the sun during the period when the Northern Hemisphere is having summer. How can this be explained?

A. The sun grows more powerful on a half-year cycle.

B. There is a six-month lag phase between sunlight being absorbed and lost.

C. The tilt of the earth presents the Northern Hemisphere in a more perpendicular angle and this increased sunlight per surface area more than offsets the decrease from added distance.

D. There must be some mistake in measuring the earth's orbit because if the earth was farther away, we would be cooler.
3. The following number of ant species were counted in these biomes.
Tundra (5)
Taiga (18)
Conifer Mixed Forest (41)
Temperature Mixed Forest (103)
The most likely reason(s) for the number of ant species in this list is/are:

A. greater sunlight.

B. variations in soil type.

C. different species of predators.

D. air pressure, humidity, and resulting rainfall.

E. the amount of photosynthetic production, length of the warm season, and diversity of plants.
5. In the water cycle, evaporated equatorial water that rises and does not immediately rain back down proceeds to move

A. all the way to the poles where it causes snow.

B. all the way to the poles if it does not encounter mountain ranges, which it usually does.

C. to about 60o north or south and then cool and condense, supporting a band of moist vegetation.

D. to about 30o north or south and then descends, supporting a band of deserts.

9. The largest communities on land are called

A. biospheres.
B. estuaries.
C. tundras.
D. taigas.
E. biomes.
7. Zones of low rainfall and therefore most deserts are at

A. the equator since the light intensity is greatest there.

B. the centers of all continents since they are farthest from the oceans that are the source of all water evaporation.

C. about 30o north and south latitude.

D. about 60o north and south latitude.

E. random points wherever wind patterns fail to bring moist air.
11. Arctic winds blowing over inland reservoirs become saturated and then lose their moisture as they move across land. This is referred to as

A. lake effect.
B. eutrophication.
C. a montane successional gradient.
D. a monsoon climate.
E. rain shadow.
13. Which of the following statements is NOT true about biomes?

A. They vary according to climate.

B. They are communities of similar populations.

C. They vary according to latitude and altitude.

D. They are the smallest communities on land.

14. Which of the following do NOT help determine a biome?

A. amount of rainfall
B. solar energy
C. soil
D. ocean currents
E. mountain ranges
17. Which is/are a correct characterization of tundra?

A. All precipitation in the tundra remains permanently frozen, hence the name "permafrost."

B. The landscape of pools and mires in the tundra is due to a high amount of precipitation.

C. The long periods of darkness, sometimes even six months of night, prevents trees and other photosynthetic producers from growing.

D. In the summer, the tundra is alive with insects and birds.

E. All of the choices are true.
21. A treeless region with little rainfall in the far north is the

A. grassland.
B. tundra.
C. taiga.
D. chaparral.
E. desert.
26. The taiga is a

A. tropical rain forest.
B. temperate deciduous forest.
C. chaparral.
D. grassland.
E. coniferous forest.
31. Which of the following statements is NOT true about deciduous trees?

A. They include oak, beech, and maple trees.

B. They lose their leaves in the fall.

C. They grow their leaves in the spring.

D. They are found in a moderate climate with a relatively high rainfall.

E. They are found north of the taiga in eastern North America.
33. Which biome has the most different kinds of species and the total amount of living matter?

A. epipelagic region of the ocean

B. temperate deciduous forest

C. tropical rain forest

D. taiga

E. African savanna
37. Which vegetation type would produce the most carbon and use the most carbon dioxide per unit of area per year?

A. farmland in a grassland biome

B. savanna in Africa

C. rain forest in South America

D. temperate forest in eastern United States
E. coniferous forests in Canada

41. The biome found in parts of South Africa and California that has small shrubs with thick evergreen leaves coated with a waxy material and underground stems is the

A. taiga.
B. prairie.
C. savanna.
D. chaparral.
E. tropical rain forest.

43. An African tropical grassland that varies cool, dry seasons with hot, rainy seasons is the

A. savanna.
B. chaparral.
C. prairie.
D. taiga.
E. tundra.
47. The ____ biome is characterized by hot days, cold nights, cacti, and the mesquite tree.

A. desert
B. tundra
C. savanna grassland
D. prairie grassland
E. chaparral

50. The mixing of oxygenated water with nutrient laden water that occurs in lakes is called

A. intertidal zonation.
B. upwelling.
C. pelagic division.
D. fall overturn.
E. eutrophication.
53. Zooplankton

A. includes all life in the oceanic ecosystem.

B. are free-drifting or mobile algae that form the base of the aquatic food chain.

C. are animals that feed on phytoplankton.

D. includes all the organisms that animals feed on.

E. are small organisms found on animals.
57. Dragonfly larvae move about on the bottom of lakes and streams in the soil-water interface called the

A. pelagic zone.
B. estuarine zone.
C. benthos.
D. limnetic zone.
E. littoral zone.
61. Which is NOT strictly a freshwater community?

A. lakes
B. rivers
C. estuaries
D. streams
E. ponds
66. Ocean currents

A. are generated by friction between winds and ocean surfaces.

B. always move clockwise in an ocean basin.

C. are important in shipping but have little effect on living environments.

D. are driven by the earth's core rotating faster than the ocean water.

E. All of the choices are true.
67. The Gulf Stream

A. brings tropical Caribbean water to the east coast of North America and upper western Europe.

B. makes local climates uniform so that Great Britain has the same climate as Greenland.

C. is the major Atlantic ocean current that warms the eastern coast of South America.

D. is the source of "El Niño" and is a major fishing grounds.

E. All of the choices are true.
71. Which region of the open ocean is brightly lit?

A. epipelagic

B. mesopelagic

C. bathypelagic

D. abyssal

E. benthic
79. The coral reef community would be best described as

A. a hard stony desert that is nevertheless beautiful.

B. a common view of all ocean bottom but only seen in shallow water near the shoreline.

C. a densely populated community that only occurs in shallow water near the shoreline.

D. a community based on animals that migrate from one area of ocean to another.

E. undersea flowers.
83. Which of the following statements about modern farming practices is true, with reference to biodiversity?

A. United States crop fields are highly diverse.

B. United States crop fields are somewhat diverse.

C. United States crop fields are generally monocultural stands.

D. United States crop fields have extremely high biodiversity.